Basic Information |Peru
| Official Name | Republic of Peru |
| Common Name | Peru |
| Continent | South America |
| Region | Western South America |
| Capital City | Lima |
| Largest City | Lima |
Geography | Peru
| Total Area (sq km) | 1,285,216 |
| Land Borders | 5 countries (Ecuador, Colombia, Brazil, Bolivia, Chile) |
| Coastline | ~2,414 km (Pacific Ocean) |
| Major Rivers | Amazon, Ucayali, Marañón |
| Major Mountains | Andes, Huascarán (highest peak, 6,768 m) |
| Climate | Diverse — arid coastal plains, tropical Amazon rainforest, Andean highlands |
Demographics | Peru
| Population | ~34 million (2024 est.) |
| Population Density | ~26/sq km |
| Urbanization | ~80% of population in cities |
| Official Language(s) | Spanish, Quechua, Aymara |
| Regional Languages | 24 additional indigenous languages |
| Major Ethnic Groups | Mestizo (~60%), Indigenous (~25%), European (~6%), Afro-Peruvian, Asian minorities |
| Major Religions | Christianity (mainly Roman Catholic), Evangelical, Indigenous beliefs |
Government & Politics | Peru
| Government Type | Unitary Presidential Republic |
| Current Leader | President Dina Boluarte (as of 2025) |
| Administrative Divisions | 25 regions + Province of Lima |
| Independence / Founding Date | July 28, 1821 (from Spain) |
Economy | Peru
| Currency | Peruvian Sol (PEN, S/.) |
| GDP (Nominal) | ~$300 billion (2024 est.) |
| GDP Per Capita | ~$8,500 |
| Major Industries | Mining (copper, gold, silver), fishing, textiles, agriculture, tourism |
| Major Exports | Copper, gold, zinc, coffee, fishmeal |
| Major Imports | Machinery, vehicles, refined petroleum, plastics |
| Trade Partners | China, USA, Brazil, Chile, EU |
Culture & Society | Peru
| National Symbols | Andean Condor, Vicuña (animal), Red-and-White flag |
| National Sport | Football (Soccer) |
| Famous Festivals | Inti Raymi (Festival of the Sun), Lord of Miracles, Carnival |
| Cuisine Highlights | Ceviche, Lomo Saltado, Aji de Gallina, Pisco Sour (national drink) |
| Literature & Arts | Inca heritage, Quechua folklore, world-famous textiles and pottery |
| UNESCO Heritage Sites | Machu Picchu, Cusco, Chan Chan, Nazca Lines, Sacred Valley |
Travel & Tourism | Peru
| Top Tourist Attractions | Machu Picchu, Sacred Valley, Lake Titicaca, Colca Canyon, Amazon Rainforest |
| Best Time to Visit | May–September (dry season in Andes & Amazon) |
| Famous Cities | Lima, Cusco, Arequipa, Trujillo |
| Visa Requirement | Visa-free for many countries (up to 183 days stay) |
Other Key Facts | Peru
| Time Zone(s) | UTC −5 |
| Internet Domain | .pe |
| Calling Code | +51 |
| Major Airports | Jorge Chávez International Airport (Lima), Alejandro Velasco Astete (Cusco) |
| Currency Symbol | S/. |
| Literacy Rate | ~95% |
| Life Expectancy | ~77 years |
| Interesting Fact | Peru is home to Machu Picchu, one of the New Seven Wonders of the World. |
Peru on the World Map
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